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ТЕОРИИ, КОНЦЕПЦИИ, ПАРАДИГМЫ / THEORIES, CONCEPTIONS, PARADIGMS / THEORIEN, KONZEPTIONEN, PARADIGMEN

Моторина Л.Е. Человек и мир: И. Кант об антропологической эпохе

Моторина Любовь Евстафьевна, кандидат философских наук, профессор кафедры философии Московского авиационного института (национального исследовательского университета).

E-mail: lubov-motorina@yandex.ru

Статья посвящена проблеме антропологического кризиса как одного из важнейших оснований глобального кризиса культуры, вызванного стремительным развитием современных технологий, включая т.н. гуманотехнологии; показано содержание антропологической парадигмы, доминирующей в культуре на протяжении ХХ столетия, суть которой сводится к тотальному господству человека над сущим; раскрывается методологическое значение антропологических идей И. Канта — об антропологической эпохе, об отношении человека и мира, о нравственном категорическом императиве — в том числе и с точки зрения возможности их использования при выработке новой парадигмы.

Ключевые слова: антропологические идеи И. Канта, вселенная, человек, антропологическая эпоха, антропологический кризис, кризис культуры, нравственный категорический императив, природа, мир, целостность.

Литература:

1.                                                    Белас Л. Власть и добродетель в «Государе» Макиавелли// Вестник РУДН. Серия «Философия». 2010. № 1. С. 45—56.

2.                                                    Бубер М. Проблема человека. М.: ИНИОН РАН, 1992.

3.                                                    Нижников С.А. В. Несмелов и И. Кант: антропология теистическая и трансцендентальная // Вестник ВятГГУ. 2008. № 1 (1). С. 12—17

4.                                                    Кант И. Критика практического разума. СПб.: Наука. 2005.

5.                                                    Комлева Н.А. Преэмптивная война как технология ресурсного передела мира // Пространство и Время. 2012. № 2(8). С. 28—33.

6.                                                    Соловьев В.С. Собрание сочинений: В 10 т. М., СПб, 1901—1907.

7.                                                    Франкл В. Воля к смыслу. М.: Апрель Пресс; ЭКСМО-Пресс, 2000.

8.                                                    Хоружий С.С. Проблема постчеловека, или трансформативная антропология глазами синергийной антропологии // Философские науки. 2008. № 2. С. 10—33.

9.                                                    Allison H.E. "Ethics, Evil, and Anthropology in Kant: Remarks on Allen Wood's: Kant’s Ethical Thought." Ethics 111.3 (2001): 594—613.

10.                                                Clark D.L. "Kant's Aliens: The Anthropology and Its Others." The New Centennial Review 1.2 (2001): 201—289.

11.                                                Ercolini G.L. "Ethics Improper: The Embodied Ethics of Kant's Anthropology." Review of Communication 12.4 (2012): 313—330.

12.                                                Foucault M. Introduction to Kant’s Anthropology. Los Angeles: Semiotexte, 2008

13.                                                Frierson P.R. "Character and Evil in Kant's Moral Anthropology." Journal of the History of Philosophy 44.4 (2006): 623—634.

14.                                                Hart K. "Kant, ‘Anthropology’ and the New Human Universal." Social Anthropology 18.4 (2010): 441—447.

15.                                                Jacobs B.W., Kain P., eds. Essays on Kant's Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

16.                                                Levinson S.C., Brown P. "Immanuel Kant among the Tenejapans: Anthropology as Empirical Philosophy." Ethos 22.1 (1994): 3—41.

17.                                                Louden R.B. "Applying Kant’s Ethics: The Role of Anthropology." A Companion to Kant. Ed. G. Bird. London: Blackwell, 2006, pp. 350—363.

18.                                                Louden R.B. Kant's Impure Ethics: From Rational Beings to Human Beings. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.

19.                                                Rolf S. "Humanity as an Object of respect: Immanuel Kant's Anthropological Approach and the Foundation for Morality." Heythrop Journal 53.4 (2012): 594—605.

20.                                                Van de Pitte F.P. "Kant as Philosophical Anthropologist." Proceedings of the Third International Kant Congress. Springer Netherlands, 1972, pp. 574—581.

21.                                                Zammito J.H. Kant, Herder, and the Birth of Anthropology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002.

Motorina L.E. Person and the World: Immanuel Kant about the Anthropological Era

Lubov E. Motorina, Ph.D., Professor at Chair of Philosophy, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)

E-mail: lubov-motorina@yandex.ru

My article focuses upon the anthropological crisis as one of the most important foundations of the global cultural crisis caused by the rapid development of modern technologies, including human technologies. I attempted to show the contents of the anthropological paradigm that dominated the culture throughout the 20^th c.: its essence reduced to the total domination of man over the things in existence. This reveals methodological importance of anthropological ideas regarding anthropological era, and relation between human and the world, as well as I. Kant’s moral categorical imperative. It also substantiates the statement saying that man’s status should change in the 21^st century, while anthropologism as a world outlook should give way not to the post-anthropological paradigm, but to ‘super-anthropological’ one, in frame of which “a person uses his superiority over nature not only for his own aggrandizement, but for its exaltation too” (according Vladimir Solovyev). In my article, I analyze the possibility of using Kant’s anthropological ideas for the development of such a paradigm.

Keywords: I. Kant’s anthropological ideas, Universe, man, anthropological age, anthropological crisis, cultural crisis, moral categorical imperative, post-anthropological paradigm, nature, world, integrity.

References:

Allison H.E. "Ethics, Evil, and Anthropology in Kant: Remarks on Allen Wood's: Kant’s Ethical Thought." Ethics 111.3 (2001): 594—613.

Belas L. "Power and Virtue in Machiavelli’s “The Prince”." Herald of People’s Friendship University of Russia. Series Philosophy 1 (2010): 45—56. (In Russian).

Buber M. The Problem of Man. Moscow: RAS Institute for Scientific Information in the Social Sciences Publisher, 1992. (In Russian).

Clark D.L. "Kant's Aliens: The Anthropology and Its Others." The New Centennial Review 1.2 (2001): 201—289.

Ercolini G.L. "Ethics Improper: The Embodied Ethics of Kant's Anthropology." Review of Communication 12.4 (2012): 313—330.

Foucault M. Introduction to Kant’s Anthropology. Los Angeles: Semiotexte, 2008

Frankl V. The Will To Meaning. Moscow: Aprel Press Publisher; Eksmo Press Publisher, 2000. (In Russian).

Frierson P.R. "Character and Evil in Kant's Moral Anthropology." Journal of the History of Philosophy 44.4 (2006): 623—634.

Hart K. "Kant, ‘Anthropology’ and the New Human Universal." Social Anthropology 18.4 (2010): 441—447.

Jacobs B.W., Kain P., eds. Essays on Kant's Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Kant I. The Critique of Practical Reason. St. Petersburg: Nauka Publisher, 2005. (In Russian).

Khoruzhy S.S. "Problem of Post-Human or Transformative Anthropology Eyed of Synergistic Anthropology." Philosophical Sciences 2 (2008): 10—33. (In Russian).

Komleva N.A. "Preemptive War as the Technology of the Resource Repartition of the World." Prostranstvo i Vremya [Space and Time] 2(8) (2012): 28—33. (In Russian).

Levinson S.C., Brown P. "Immanuel Kant among the Tenejapans: Anthropology as Empirical Philosophy." Ethos 22.1 (1994): 3—41.

Louden R.B. "Applying Kant’s Ethics: The Role of Anthropology." A Companion to Kant. Ed. G. Bird. London: Blackwell, 2006, pp. 350—363.

Louden R.B. Kant's Impure Ethics: From Rational Beings to Human Beings. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Nizhnikov S.A. "V. Nesmelov and I. Kant: A Theistic and Transcendental Anthropology." Herald of Vyatka State Humanitarian University 1(1) (2008): 12—17. (In Russian)

Rolf S. "Humanity as an Object of respect: Immanuel Kant's Anthropological Approach and the Foundation for Morality." Heythrop Journal 53.4 (2012): 594—605.

Solovyov V.S. Collected Writings. Moscow, St. Petersburg, 1901—1907. (In Russian),

Van de Pitte F.P. "Kant as Philosophical Anthropologist." Proceedings of the Third International Kant Congress. Springer Netherlands, 1972, pp. 574—581.

Zammito J.H. Kant, Herder, and the Birth of Anthropology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002.

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